Harnessing AI for Climate Change Mitigation: Strategies Challenges and Opportunities

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a new game-changer in the process of climate change mitigation worldwide, and it presents novel opportunities to optimize renewable energy production, assess and monitor emissions, and manage sustainable resources. This paper is based on a qualitative and integrative literature review design where the researchers look at appropriate published studies, industry reports, and policy documents in order to evaluate current applications, issues, and trends, as well as prospects of AI. The findings indicate that AI-based weather forecasting models make solar and wind energy generation more accurate, the predictive maintenance saves more time on using renewable infrastructures, and optimization algorithms optimize the industrial process, cutting the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Computer vision and remote sensing using AI promote near-real-time identification of methane leaks, industrial releases, and clearing of forests to increase intervention time. Nevertheless, its prospects are limited by obstacles, including heavy energy consumption, data sparsity, biased algorithms, and a lack of either official regulation or oversight. The promising areas of AI involving IoT and blockchain, low-carbon algorithms of AI, and equitable access to open-source tools are found in the paper. The results highlight the fact that properly applied in the context of effective governance mechanisms, AI would make the world shift towards a low-carbon and climate-resilient environment much faster.