An Inquiry Into The Constraints Faced By Women’s Accessing The Senior Leadership Positions In Higher Education Of Punjab

Abstract

This study employed a qualitative research design underpinned by an interpretivist paradigm to explore the constraining factors influencing women’s access to senior leadership positions in higher education institutions (HEIs) of Punjab. A purposive sampling strategy was adopted to select 20 women leaders from public HEIs, ensuring representation across diverse institutional contexts. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which provided flexibility to probe participants’ perceptions and beliefs in depth. This semi-structured protocol was developed by the inquirer and validated by taking the experts’ opinion. The interviews were audio-recorded with consent, transcribed and analyzed with the help of Manual Thematic analysis. This study concluded that women’s access to senior leadership in higher education remains restricted by structural, socio-cultural, and institutional barriers. However, enabling factors such as supportive networks, mentorship, and evolving institutional policies offer pathways for greater inclusion. Addressing these constraints through targeted reforms can enhance gender equity and leadership diversity in Punjab’s higher education sector.